language skills to be reliably assessed. For the Speaking and Writing tests, scores do not depend on who (among many trained readers) scores the tests.
The ETS Standards for Quality and Fairness meet the “Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing” published jointly by the American Educational Research Association, the American Psychological Association and the National Council on Measurement in Education to promote the sound and ethical design, development, and delivery of fair, reliable and useful products and services.
A typical ETS test undergoes more than twenty reviews and quality assurance steps to determine its clarity, relevance, and freedom from bias, before tests are administered in an operational test. ETS is committed to ensuring fairness and opportunity for all learners worldwide.