The study was conducted in Kawthaung and Bokepyin
townships of Kawthaung district,Tanintharyi Region. The
study sites are located in the southern-most costal region
of Myanmar bordering Thailand (Figure 1), where the
local climate alternates between a cool-dry (DecemberMarch)
and hot and humid-wet season (April-November),
with a heavy torrential rain falls in May-September, providing
a perfect favorable ground for breeding of malaria
vectors. The study site was selected based on a strong suspicion
of artesunate resistance [4], and on undocumented
knowledge of a high population movement.