Background
The strawberry genus Fragaria belongs to the Rosaceae,
an economically important plant family, and includes
about 24 species distributed mostly throughout the temperate
zone of Europe, Asia, North and South America
[1,2]. Historically, a basic chromosome number of seven
(x = 7) and the existence of multiple levels of ploidy,
ranging from diploid to octoploid, in this genus had
been documented by 1926 [3,4]. Only recently, a naturally
occurring decaploid cytotype (2n = 10x = 70) was
revealed through chromosome counting and flow cytometry [5] in the geographically isolated species F.
iturupensis, which had initially been described as an
octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) [6]. In addition, an accession
(CFRA 110) of F. virginiana subsp. platypetala has been
found by chromosome counting to be decaploid [7].
Currently, twelve diploid (2n = 2x = 14), five tetraploid
(2n = 4x = 28), a single hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) F.
moschata , three octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) species,
including the main cultivated species F. ×ananassa and
its immediate octoploid ancestors: F. chiloensis and F.
virginiana [8], and a decaploid (2n = 10x = 70) F. iturupensis
are recognized [1,5,9,10]. In addition, variableand
odd-ploidy have been recognized in two hybrid
taxa: pentaploid/hexaploid/enneaploid (2n = 5x/6x/9x = 35/42/63) F. ×bringhurstii [11] and diploid/triploid (2n =
2x/3x = 14/21) F. ×bifera [12]. The higher level (> 4x)
polyploids are all considered to have at least partially
allopolyploid genome compositions; however, classifications
of origins as auto- or allo-ploidy have not been
resolved at the tetraploid level [13].
BackgroundThe strawberry genus Fragaria belongs to the Rosaceae,an economically important plant family, and includesabout 24 species distributed mostly throughout the temperatezone of Europe, Asia, North and South America[1,2]. Historically, a basic chromosome number of seven(x = 7) and the existence of multiple levels of ploidy,ranging from diploid to octoploid, in this genus hadbeen documented by 1926 [3,4]. Only recently, a naturallyoccurring decaploid cytotype (2n = 10x = 70) wasrevealed through chromosome counting and flow cytometry [5] in the geographically isolated species F.iturupensis, which had initially been described as anoctoploid (2n = 8x = 56) [6]. In addition, an accession(CFRA 110) of F. virginiana subsp. platypetala has beenfound by chromosome counting to be decaploid [7].Currently, twelve diploid (2n = 2x = 14), five tetraploid(2n = 4x = 28), a single hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) F.moschata , three octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) species,including the main cultivated species F. ×ananassa andits immediate octoploid ancestors: F. chiloensis and F.virginiana [8], and a decaploid (2n = 10x = 70) F. iturupensisare recognized [1,5,9,10]. In addition, variableandodd-ploidy have been recognized in two hybridtaxa: pentaploid/hexaploid/enneaploid (2n = 5x/6x/9x = 35/42/63) F. ×bringhurstii [11] and diploid/triploid (2n =2x/3x = 14/21) F. ×bifera [12]. The higher level (> 4x)polyploids are all considered to have at least partiallyallopolyploid genome compositions; however, classificationsof origins as auto- or allo-ploidy have not beenresolved at the tetraploid level [13].
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Background
The strawberry genus Fragaria belongs to the Rosaceae,
an economically important plant family, and includes
about 24 species distributed mostly throughout the temperate
zone of Europe, Asia, North and South America
[1,2]. Historically, a basic chromosome number of seven
(x = 7) and the existence of multiple levels of ploidy,
ranging from diploid to octoploid, in this genus had
been documented by 1926 [3,4]. Only recently, a naturally
occurring decaploid cytotype (2n = 10x = 70) was
revealed through chromosome counting and flow cytometry [5] in the geographically isolated species F.
iturupensis, which had initially been described as an
octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) [6]. In addition, an accession
(CFRA 110) of F. virginiana subsp. platypetala has been
found by chromosome counting to be decaploid [7].
Currently, twelve diploid (2n = 2x = 14), five tetraploid
(2n = 4x = 28), a single hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) F.
moschata , three octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) species,
including the main cultivated species F. ×ananassa and
its immediate octoploid ancestors: F. chiloensis and F.
virginiana [8], and a decaploid (2n = 10x = 70) F. iturupensis
are recognized [1,5,9,10]. In addition, variableand
odd-ploidy have been recognized in two hybrid
taxa: pentaploid/hexaploid/enneaploid (2n = 5x/6x/9x = 35/42/63) F. ×bringhurstii [11] and diploid/triploid (2n =
2x/3x = 14/21) F. ×bifera [12]. The higher level (> 4x)
polyploids are all considered to have at least partially
allopolyploid genome compositions; however, classifications
of origins as auto- or allo-ploidy have not been
resolved at the tetraploid level [13].
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พื้นหลัง
สตรอเบอร์รี่สกุล fragaria เป็นของ Rosaceae
ครอบครัว , พืชที่สำคัญทางเศรษฐกิจ และรวมถึง
ประมาณ 24 ชนิด ส่วนใหญ่กระจายทั่วเขต หนาว
ในทวีปยุโรป เอเชีย อเมริกาเหนือและใต้
[ 1 , 2 ] ในอดีต มีจำนวนโครโมโซมพื้นฐาน 7
( X = 7 ) และมีหลายระดับ ตั้งแต่เกิดมาหลัง
octoploid ในสกุลนี้มีได้รับการบันทึกไว้โดย 1926 [ 3 , 4 ] แต่เมื่อเร็วๆ นี้ ที่เกิดขึ้นโดยธรรมชาติ
decaploid cytotype ( 2n = 10x = 70 ) คือ
เปิดเผยผ่านโครโมโซมนับและการไหล ( [ 5 ] ในการแยกทางภูมิศาสตร์ชนิด F .
iturupensis ซึ่งตอนแรกได้รับการอธิบายเป็น
octoploid ( 2n = 8 x = 56 ) [ 6 ] นอกจากนี้ ภาคยานุวัติ
( cfra 110 ) F . virginiana subsp . platypetala ได้รับ
พบโครโมโซมนับเป็น decaploid [ 7 ] .
ตอนนี้สิบสองจำนวนโครโมโซม 2n = 2x = 14 ) , ห้าเตตราพล ด์
( 2n = 4x = 28 ) , เดี่ยว hexaploid ( 2n = 6x = 42 ) F .
moschata สาม octoploid ( 2n = 8 x = 56 ) ชนิด
รวมทั้งหลัก การปลูกและชนิด F . × ananassa
ในทันที octoploid บรรพบุรุษ : F . chiloensis และ f .
virginiana [ 8 ] และ decaploid ( 2n = = 70 บาท iturupensis
) Fเป็นที่ยอมรับ [ 1,5,9,10 ] นอกจากนี้ variableand
แปลก การได้รับการยอมรับใน 2 ไฮบริด
ซ่า : pentaploid / hexaploid / enneaploid ( 2n = 5x 6x 9x / / = 35 / 42 / 63 ) F . × bringhurstii [ 11 ] และ / ทริพลอยด์ดิพลอยด์ ( 2n = 2x
/ x 3 = 14 / 21 ) F . × bifera [ 12 ] . ระดับที่สูงขึ้น ( 4x )
polyploids ทั้งหมดถือว่ามีองค์ประกอบอย่างน้อยบางส่วนโลโพลีพลอยด์ (
; แต่หมวดหมู่กำเนิดเป็น Auto หรือฮัลโหลหลังไม่ได้
แก้ไขระดับเตตราพล ด์ [ 13 ]
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