F. Integration of life cycle phases
Integration of life cycle phases describes the consideration
of requirements of other life cycle phases during the planning
phase. In ETO the lifecycle of a system encompasses the
engineering, manufacturing, installation, commissioning,
operation, service and disassembly phase [3].
A typical phenomenon in ETO business and MSP
hindering the successful integration of other life cycle phases
is the so called ‘silo thinking’ [39]. Silo thinking describes that
each organizational unit/department aims to optimize itself
locally instead of globally. Researchers see the causes mostly
in a strong cost center thinking and an inconsistent breakdown
of global business target to local, unit-specific business goals
[40]. A possible measure to overcome this challenge is the
definition of an aligned engineering strategy