The photoperiod was maintained at 16 h. The air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 levels for all treatments were respectively maintained throughout the Wavelength (nm) 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Relative energy (%) 0 2 8 10 RB RBW FL 454 660 470 436 488 546 586 612 630 Fig. 1. Spectral distributions in the relative energy of the LEDs and fluorescent lamps. Spectral scans were recorded at the top of the plant canopy with a spectroradiometer. experiment at 24/20 ◦C (day and night), 75%, and 900 mol mol−1 in the growth chamber.