Hypotheses 1 and 2 are not mutually exclusive. In fact,
Hypothesis 2 is an extension of Hypothesis 1. If Hypothesis
1 is confirmed and Hypothesis 2 is not, we could describe
the performance effects from the Lean control forms to
be additive, and thus not a synergetic configuration fit
model. If Hypotheses 1 and 2 are both confirmed, we
would describe the performance effects as complementary
with respect to our balance approach. In this situation, the
additive effect of increasing the average level of the control
forms is either reduced or increased, with the effect coming
from the control forms being more or less symmetrical. If
we have a simple situation with only two control forms,
and one is improved from level 4 to level 5 (while the other
is kept at level 2), then there will be an increase in performance
caused by the additive effect (higher average level of
control forms), but the effect will be somewhat reduced by
lower complementarity, i.e., balance, as the gap between
the control forms is increased. Therefore, one could say
that the full performance potential coming from the
increase from level 4 to 5 is not exploited. In the converse
situation, where a level 2 control form is increased to level
3 (while the other remains at level 4) there is an additive
effect that is further increased by a complementary effect
due to the control forms now further complementing each
other. We expect to confirm both hypotheses. Specifically,
Hypothesis 2 is essential, as it confirms the configuration
fit nature of the Lean control forms. However, it would be
odd if only Hypothesis 2 is confirmed, and not Hypothesis
1, as this would reflect a fit where the control forms only
have to be balanced, regardless of whether this is at a low
or high level.
As a final note on hypothesis development, we do not
include variables on “value stream layout” or “accounting
system” (unlike Kennedy and Widener, 2008) due to the
non-variance of these in our empirical dataset, cf. the next
sections.
Hypotheses 1 and 2 are not mutually exclusive. In fact,
Hypothesis 2 is an extension of Hypothesis 1. If Hypothesis
1 is confirmed and Hypothesis 2 is not, we could describe
the performance effects from the Lean control forms to
be additive, and thus not a synergetic configuration fit
model. If Hypotheses 1 and 2 are both confirmed, we
would describe the performance effects as complementary
with respect to our balance approach. In this situation, the
additive effect of increasing the average level of the control
forms is either reduced or increased, with the effect coming
from the control forms being more or less symmetrical. If
we have a simple situation with only two control forms,
and one is improved from level 4 to level 5 (while the other
is kept at level 2), then there will be an increase in performance
caused by the additive effect (higher average level of
control forms), but the effect will be somewhat reduced by
lower complementarity, i.e., balance, as the gap between
the control forms is increased. Therefore, one could say
that the full performance potential coming from the
increase from level 4 to 5 is not exploited. In the converse
situation, where a level 2 control form is increased to level
3 (while the other remains at level 4) there is an additive
effect that is further increased by a complementary effect
due to the control forms now further complementing each
other. We expect to confirm both hypotheses. Specifically,
Hypothesis 2 is essential, as it confirms the configuration
fit nature of the Lean control forms. However, it would be
odd if only Hypothesis 2 is confirmed, and not Hypothesis
1, as this would reflect a fit where the control forms only
have to be balanced, regardless of whether this is at a low
or high level.
As a final note on hypothesis development, we do not
include variables on “value stream layout” or “accounting
system” (unlike Kennedy and Widener, 2008) due to the
non-variance of these in our empirical dataset, cf. the next
sections.
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