In this study we aim to reveal potential adaptive signatures of Hexapoda evolution. Such signatures could shed new light on the adaptations associated with six-legged arthropods. For this purpose, the protein-coding gene sequences of three insects, three crustaceans and transcriptomes of two springtails were studied. Codon alignments of orthologous clusters were constructed in order to perform likelihood tests on non-synonymous over synonymous ratios to identify genes under positive selection in the Hexapoda and in the Collembola lineages. The genes and gene ontology (GO) categories associated with these processes are discussed in the evolutionary context of these species.