The crystalline phases of calcined and uncalcined sand were
analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the analysis was conducted in
a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer. The patterns were obtained
using Cu Ka radiation at 30 kV and 25 mA. Data were collected in
the scanning angle (2h) range of 20–80 with step time of 0.3 s
and step of 0.03.