We can also define anxiety by a score on a written test like the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, or TMAS (Taylor,1953). This test includes a variety of items that are assumed to index different degrees of anxiety, such as the frequency of nightmares, fear of spiders, worries about work, and so on. In using the test, we assume that people who express many of these concern are more anxious than those who express few of them. We use predetermined cut-off scores to determine who is anxious and who is not. Again, we have an objective, observable set of measures (the subjects’ responses to a series of test items) to define anxiety. To say that anxiety is “felling queasy” is not acceptable. We cannot observe queasiness directly, nor can we be sure that subjects will know what we mean if we simply ask them whether they are “anxious.”