AQUATIC NEUROSES: THE EFFECTS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL CARBAMAZEPINE ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS
Pharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants are becoming a critical issue worldwide. The biological properties of pharmaceuticals have the potential to impact non-target organisms and ecosystem function. Carbamazepine is one of the most widely detected pharmaceutical compounds in freshwater ecosystems globally and is of particular concern due to its recalcitrance and toxicity. We related stream physical, chemical and biological characteristics to carbamazepine concentrations across 19 streams in central Indiana. Additionally, short-term microcosm experiments were used to quantify invertebrate response to carbamazepine and long-term mesocosm experiments were used to quantify changes in ecosystem dynamics with carbamazepine exposure. Environmentally-relevant concentrations of carbamazepine altered invertebrate species richness and diversity in both streams and experimental mesocosms. Further, carbamazepine increased mayfly molting, instar duration, emergence, and emergence size in experimental microcosms. In long-term mesocosm experiments, gastropod biomass and diversity declined with exposure to carbamazepine. Across studies, carbamazepine did not influence algal biomass or primary production but did influence organic matter abundance and composition. Our results indicate that carbamazepine has the potential to alter freshwater organismal, community, and ecosystem metrics.
AQUATIC NEUROSES: THE EFFECTS OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL CARBAMAZEPINE ON AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICSPharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants are becoming a critical issue worldwide. The biological properties of pharmaceuticals have the potential to impact non-target organisms and ecosystem function. Carbamazepine is one of the most widely detected pharmaceutical compounds in freshwater ecosystems globally and is of particular concern due to its recalcitrance and toxicity. We related stream physical, chemical and biological characteristics to carbamazepine concentrations across 19 streams in central Indiana. Additionally, short-term microcosm experiments were used to quantify invertebrate response to carbamazepine and long-term mesocosm experiments were used to quantify changes in ecosystem dynamics with carbamazepine exposure. Environmentally-relevant concentrations of carbamazepine altered invertebrate species richness and diversity in both streams and experimental mesocosms. Further, carbamazepine increased mayfly molting, instar duration, emergence, and emergence size in experimental microcosms. In long-term mesocosm experiments, gastropod biomass and diversity declined with exposure to carbamazepine. Across studies, carbamazepine did not influence algal biomass or primary production but did influence organic matter abundance and composition. Our results indicate that carbamazepine has the potential to alter freshwater organismal, community, and ecosystem metrics.
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