The first question of the test asked the students the reason why summer was warmer than winter. 45.0% of the
students answered this question correctly. The percentage of correct answers increased as the students’ level of
grade increased. The highest percentage of correct answers was given by the 8th graders. 38.9% of the students
associated the seasonal differences of temperature with the concept of proximity-distance by giving the answer
“the Earth being closer to the Sun in summer”. In addition, the answers “the Sun gives off more energy in the
summer” with a percentage of 26.5% and “fewer clouds” with a percentage of 10.2% given by 5th graders
decreased as the level of grade increased.