2. Methods
In this semi-experimental study, the effect of
independent variable of music on dependant
variables of pain intensity and analgesic drugs
consumption have been studied in patients
undergoing spinal anesthesia. This semiexperimental
study has been done in 2011 in
operation room of Baqiyatallah and
Khanevadeh hospitals in Tehran. Sixty male in
ASA 1 between 18-44 years old undergoing
urological and abdominal surgery with spinal
anesthesia were studied. Sampling method of
this study at first was based on aim and then the
samples were divided randomly into two groups
of experimental (headphone with music) and
control (without intervention). Criteria of
entering the study included: complete
conciseness, reading and writing ability ,
having hemodynamic stability, not having
antianxiety and analgesic drugs consumption,
not having hearing disorders, not having
addiction to cigarette narcotics, sedatives and
alcohol and ..., not having mental and anxious
sickness history, not having surgery or spinal
anesthesia history and the surgery was in
morning shift selectively. Exit criteria included;
occurrence of any complication during surgery
and anesthesia and showing dissatisfaction for
continuing the study and also using general
anesthesia and sleeping aid during the study.
Number of samples were determined at least 16
persons from the study society for every group
by using Poukak method and Gigi table (f (a,b)
=10.5 and B=0/1 and a=0/05 ) that for making
up the probable downfall of the samples 14
persons were added and at the end 30 persons
were studied in every group. Data collection
tools in this study included three parts; first part
was the demographic characteristics paper,
second part was document checklist of narcotic
drugs and the third part included visual criteria
of pain.
work method: for choosing the samples, in the