Fig. 4. Effect of dilution rate and temperature on the continuous ethanol fermentation of raw juice. (A) Changes of ethanol and sugar concentration, number of yeast and their viability. Diamonds, ethanol concentration; squares, sugar concentration; crosses, number of yeast; asterisks, yeast cell viability. (B) Changes of VFAs concentration. The horizontal lines in B indicate the concentrations of lactic acid (solid lines) and acetic acid (dotted lines) in the feedstock. Triangles, lactic acid; circles, acetic acid; pluses, pH.