Conclusion
Based on the results obtained from this study, it is
obvious that; (i) when herbicides are applied, the
chemicals exert certain effects on non-target organisms,
including soil microorganisms, (ii) paraquat reduced the
population and diversity of bacteria more than atrazine,
(iii) in an open field, the top soil (10 cm depth) harbors more microorganisms (both in population and diversity)
than the sub soil (20 cm depth), (iv) The herbicides at
recommended rates, G1 and M1, reduced the population
and diversity of bacteria in the soil than 0.5x
recommended rates, G2 and M2.
The microorganisms, Proteus sp. and Actinomycetes
which were sensitive to herbicide application (Table 3),
therefore, may serve as a reliable indicator of the
biological value of soil. Inoculants based on
microorganisms that possess the potential to degrade
herbicides could be used as bio-preparations in
combination with chemical preparations.
ConclusionBased on the results obtained from this study, it isobvious that; (i) when herbicides are applied, thechemicals exert certain effects on non-target organisms,including soil microorganisms, (ii) paraquat reduced thepopulation and diversity of bacteria more than atrazine,(iii) in an open field, the top soil (10 cm depth) harbors more microorganisms (both in population and diversity)than the sub soil (20 cm depth), (iv) The herbicides atrecommended rates, G1 and M1, reduced the populationand diversity of bacteria in the soil than 0.5xrecommended rates, G2 and M2.The microorganisms, Proteus sp. and Actinomyceteswhich were sensitive to herbicide application (Table 3),therefore, may serve as a reliable indicator of thebiological value of soil. Inoculants based onmicroorganisms that possess the potential to degradeherbicides could be used as bio-preparations incombination with chemical preparations.
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