5. The potential of the Straits of Malacca
Malaysia has a high coast per area ratio of 14; the coastline is
4675 km long and the land area is 328,550 km2 [74]. The Straits of
Malacca is one of the longest Straits in the world, which has a
constant minimum flow of 0.5 m/s with maximum up to 4 m/s in
particular regions [75]. It is an important shipping waterway in
terms of economics and strategic location connecting the Indian
and the Pacific Oceans [76]. The average depth around the areas of
the Straits is approximately 40 m with an average current speed
of 2 m/s or equivalent to 4 knots, which is sufficient to make the
turbine works. Fig. 11 illustrates the location of the Straits of
Malacca. The preliminary study mentioned earlier focused on the
locations at Pulau Jambongan, Kota Belud, and Sibu [50].