Sunlight different plants require different amounts of sunlight/shade oak, honeysuckle
Temperature most species tolerate only a narrow range of temperatures penguin, palm
Precipitation some prefer dry climates, while others prefer wet climates cactus, frogs
Latitude climate and vegetation vary with latitude, many species are restricted by to specific latitudes polar bears, mangroves
Altitude altitude has an effect similar to latitude mountain goat
Fire frequency some species require fire as part of their life cycle jack pine
Soil different types of soil have different types and quantities of nutrients wheat, rice