Perry and Wisonm (2003) considered how personal and cultural experience affects color associations. Gob’e (2001) indicated that colors result in cultural and physical reactions. The concepts of the color circle (Goethe), the meaning of colors (Claudia Cortes), color meanings
(Color Wheel), color codification (Shirley Willett), and color psychology (Birren) are different in terms of cultural experience and theoretical background. Hence, there are various definitions of color traits and emotions. However, these researches all consider that colors transmit specific traits and cause emotional reactions. This study utilizes Birren’s research (color psychology) as its basis because the color psychology explanation is appropriate for interpreting color traits of corporate brands.