By this alkaline-acid treatment, Alemdar and Sain (2008b) found that cellulose content of wheat straw nanofibers boosted from 43 to 84%. This pre-treatment also removed lignin and hemi-celluloses partially from wheat straw and soy hull fibers. The diameter of wheat straw and soy hull nanofibers was around 10–80 nm and 20–120 nm, respectively when NFC was produced from the pretreated fibers by cryocrushing and fibrillation methods.