PEF may be applied in the form of exponentially decaying, square wave, bipolar, or oscillatory pulses. An exponential decay voltage wave is a unidirectional voltage that rises rapidly to a maximum value and decays slowly to zero. The circuit in Fig. 1 may be used to generate an exponential decay waveform. A DC power supply charges a capacitor bank connected in series with a charging resistor (Rs). When a trigger signal is applied, the charge stored in the capacitor flows though the food in the treatment chamber.