Additional empirical studies exists: Three types of core competencies have been identified and assessed in different industries (Mascarenhas, Baveja & Jamil, 1998); the effects of core competencies have been studied in the context of company performance, in a single industry (Duysters & Hagedoorn, 2000); and in the context of firm performance under influence of the environment, among Chinese managers (Wang, Lo & Yang, 2004).