We used a FEI-XL30 or Leo 1450VP standard SEM, or
Hitachi-S4700 field emission SEM, all under high vacuum. Detritus
in Cryptothele specimens was removed by sonication in 80% ethanol
for approximately 5 s. Complementary observations of the location
of major ampullate gland spigots were obtained for some zodariids
using a Leitz stereomicroscope.