Ultrasonic
baths have transducers located on the walls and/or base of the tank
In the case of ultrasonic probes or horn systems, a rod-shaped
metal horn is used to amplify and conduct the high power acoustic
vibration in the medium. The horns or probes are frequently half
or multiple wavelengths in length. The gain in amplitude depends
upon the shape and variation in the diameter of the horn between
the driven face and the emitting face. This system is considered
more powerful because the ultrasonic intensity is released from a
small surface at the extreme of the probe, and the probe can be
immersed into reaction flasks. However, this system can only be
used on samples with small volumes, and careful attention must be
paid to the rapidly increasing temperature of the sample