The aim of this paper is to study the impact of ownership on CEO compensation in Canada. In particular, two aspects of ownership are investigated: ownership concentration measured by CEO stockholding, and the presence of an institutional investor as the controlling shareholder. Using a panel of firms in the S&P/TSX over the period 2001-2004 our results indicate that, controlling for standard determinants of compensation, the relationship between CEO stockholding and CEO compensation is convex. Relying on a piecewise specification, we find that CEO compensation decreases up to a CEO shareholding of 35%, indicating an alignment of the interests between shareholders and managers, then increases suggesting a CEO entrenchment. In addition, our results indicate that the presence of an institutional as a controlling shareholder is negatively associated with CEO compensation, suggesting that institutional investors reduce managerial opportunism.