Biodegradation is a chemical degradation of materials provoked by the action of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and/or algae. According to the definition,a biodegradable polymer is “a degradable polymer wherein the primarydegradation mechanism is through the action of metabolism by microorganisms” (Leja & Lewandowicz, 2010).
The most important factor affecting the biodegradability of polymeric materials is the chemical structure, which is responsible for functional group stability, reactivity, hydrophilicity, and swelling behavior.