Nonparticipant observation is a data collection method used extensively in case study research in which the researcher enters a social system to observe events, activities, and interactions with the aim of gaining a direct understanding of a phenomenon in its natural context. As a nonparticipant, the observer does not participate directly in the activities being observed. the nonparticipant observer has no contact whatsoever with the researched, but watches and records events through one-way mirrors or with cameras. Nonparticipant observation may be overt or covert.