Materials and Methods
Ambrosia Beetle Trapping. Ambrosia beetles were
surveyed at the Tennessee State University Nursery
Crop Research Station (Nursery Station) at McMinnville
Tennessee beginning on 5 March 1998. Periodic
trap collections also were made during 1997. Lindgren
funnel traps (eight funnels/trap) initially were baited
on 5 March 1998 with a 5.3-ml vial Þlled with 70%
ethanol and wired to the outer support strut on the
trap (Lindgren 1983). The 5.3-ml vial was replaced
with a 25 ml vial on 29 March 1998 to lengthen ethanol
output. The ethanol was reÞlled or replaced during
each trap examination. On 24 April 1998, ethanol vials
were replaced with UHR ethanol lures (95% ethanol
and 5% water with an average release rate of 1 g
ethanol/d at 22C) supplied by Phero Tech Incorporated
(7572 Progress Way, Delta, B. C., Canada V4 g
1E9). Lures were changed at 50 d intervals during
midsummer months and at 10011 d intervals during