Hand hygiene products are used to protect against infectious
organisms, especially for healthcare workers. Their application is
promoted to reduce transmittance of infectious diseases. However,
adherence to hand-washing practices can be compromised by an
insufficient number and inconvenient location of sinks for wash-
ing. In addition, contact with nearby surfaces and bacteria that
adhere to wet hands can increase cross-contamination. These fac-
tors are associated with hand-washing compliance [1]. In particu-
lar, skin dryness, redness, cracking and scaling that indicate
irritation [2] may increase the possibility of an infection because
the skin barrier is damaged [3]. Therefore, an alcohol-based hand
rub (ABHR) is desirable. An ABHR is more practical than tradi-
tional hand-washing methods for use not only in hospitals but
also in public places [4], such as near automated bank machines,
in elevators and throughout airports. Potential global spread of
new infectious diseases such as an emerging H1N1 influenza is a
real risk. Therefore, application of ABHR, which is less costly, less
time-consuming and easier to use than traditional hand washing,
could encourage proper hand hygiene and limit spread of infec-
tious diseases.
The antiseptic properties of the ABHR were superior to that
obtained by traditional washing because alcohol is the main
active antiseptic ingredient in the ABHR. However, the alcohol
efficacy is dose-dependent [1] and its ability causing burning sen-
sation leads to pre-irritated skin [5]. These disadvantages cause
suppression of the skin barrier, leading to a high risk of skin
infection [2]. Therefore, an additional antimicrobial agent is
needed to achieve cleansing efficiency of ABHR at a lower alcohol
content, especially for people with hypersensitive skin. Triclosan is
a good antibacterial agent for cleansing products because of its
low irritation potential and low sensitizing effect. In addition, a
skin conditioning agent is needed to counteract problems of dry-
ness, roughness and burning resulting from the alcohol. Moistur-
izing agents provide multiple effects including suppression of
dryness, scaling and roughness. They also can improve lubricity
as well as texture of cleansing products during rubbing [2] and
reduce the perceived feeling of tightness and itching. Thus, a safe
and effective moisturizing hand cleanser must limit transmission
of viruses, have an acceptable texture, and prevent skin drying,
scaling and roughness. Potential moisturizing agents that are can-
didates for ABHR must exhibit emollient, humectant or occlusive
effects. Natural moisturizing agents, especially plant polysaccha-
rides [6], may be more acceptable to consumers and cause fewer
adverse effects [7].
The fruit mucilage of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) possesses
emollient properties [8] attributed to a viscoelastic polysaccharide
[9]. Okra is cultivated globally (including in Thailand) because of
its nutritional and therapeutic importance [8]. Therefore, hand
hygiene products containing moisturizers from okra were formu-
lated. The stable preparations were evaluated comparatively based
on the preference of and short-term moisturizing efficacy in Thai
volunteers.
Hand hygiene products are used to protect against infectiousorganisms, especially for healthcare workers. Their application ispromoted to reduce transmittance of infectious diseases. However,adherence to hand-washing practices can be compromised by aninsufficient number and inconvenient location of sinks for wash-ing. In addition, contact with nearby surfaces and bacteria thatadhere to wet hands can increase cross-contamination. These fac-tors are associated with hand-washing compliance [1]. In particu-lar, skin dryness, redness, cracking and scaling that indicateirritation [2] may increase the possibility of an infection becausethe skin barrier is damaged [3]. Therefore, an alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) is desirable. An ABHR is more practical than tradi-tional hand-washing methods for use not only in hospitals butalso in public places [4], such as near automated bank machines,in elevators and throughout airports. Potential global spread ofnew infectious diseases such as an emerging H1N1 influenza is areal risk. Therefore, application of ABHR, which is less costly, lesstime-consuming and easier to use than traditional hand washing,could encourage proper hand hygiene and limit spread of infec-tious diseases.The antiseptic properties of the ABHR were superior to thatobtained by traditional washing because alcohol is the mainactive antiseptic ingredient in the ABHR. However, the alcoholefficacy is dose-dependent [1] and its ability causing burning sen-sation leads to pre-irritated skin [5]. These disadvantages causesuppression of the skin barrier, leading to a high risk of skininfection [2]. Therefore, an additional antimicrobial agent isneeded to achieve cleansing efficiency of ABHR at a lower alcoholcontent, especially for people with hypersensitive skin. Triclosan isa good antibacterial agent for cleansing products because of itslow irritation potential and low sensitizing effect. In addition, askin conditioning agent is needed to counteract problems of dry-ness, roughness and burning resulting from the alcohol. Moistur-izing agents provide multiple effects including suppression ofdryness, scaling and roughness. They also can improve lubricityas well as texture of cleansing products during rubbing [2] andreduce the perceived feeling of tightness and itching. Thus, a safeand effective moisturizing hand cleanser must limit transmissionof viruses, have an acceptable texture, and prevent skin drying,scaling and roughness. Potential moisturizing agents that are can-didates for ABHR must exhibit emollient, humectant or occlusiveeffects. Natural moisturizing agents, especially plant polysaccha-rides [6], may be more acceptable to consumers and cause feweradverse effects [7].The fruit mucilage of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) possessesemollient properties [8] attributed to a viscoelastic polysaccharide[9]. Okra is cultivated globally (including in Thailand) because ofits nutritional and therapeutic importance [8]. Therefore, handhygiene products containing moisturizers from okra were formu-lated. The stable preparations were evaluated comparatively basedon the preference of and short-term moisturizing efficacy in Thaivolunteers.
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