Hundreds, if not thousands, of years of experimentation
in vine cultivation and winemaking technology
are needed to explain the level of sophisticated and
large-scale wine production that is displayed in
mountainous and upland Neolithic settlements of the
ancient Near East. The earliest molecular archaeological
evidence for large-scale wine production is
from the site of Hajji Firuz Tepe in the northern
Zagros Mountains, dated to 5400 B.C. (McGovern
et al. 1986). Even earlier chemical evidence, in association
with what appear to be remains of domesticated
grapes (Vitis vinifera vinifera), has been
obtained from the early sixth millennium B.C. in the
Neolithic village of Shulaveris-Gora in the Transcaucasus
region of modern Georgia (Ramishvili 1983;
McGovern, unpublished).
Hundreds, if not thousands, of years of experimentation
in vine cultivation and winemaking technology
are needed to explain the level of sophisticated and
large-scale wine production that is displayed in
mountainous and upland Neolithic settlements of the
ancient Near East. The earliest molecular archaeological
evidence for large-scale wine production is
from the site of Hajji Firuz Tepe in the northern
Zagros Mountains, dated to 5400 B.C. (McGovern
et al. 1986). Even earlier chemical evidence, in association
with what appear to be remains of domesticated
grapes (Vitis vinifera vinifera), has been
obtained from the early sixth millennium B.C. in the
Neolithic village of Shulaveris-Gora in the Transcaucasus
region of modern Georgia (Ramishvili 1983;
McGovern, unpublished).
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