A summary of all the studies is shown in Table 3. To inform the analysis, the framework proposed by (Brink & Van der Walt 2006, pp. 51–53) was used to aid the critical review of the literature by focusing on the designs and analytical methods of the published papers to be compared. All the papers were critiqued based on a framework that considered five elements: 1 Identifying the research question 2 Structuring the study 3 Sampling 4 Gathering the data 5 Analysing the data. It was noted at the outset that only two of the published studies commented on the impact of nursing, reporting on the care provided by nurses