Crisis management comprises various phases: preparedness before crisis, response to limit damages
during the crisis and feedback after the crisis.
Before a crisis, preparedness consists in developing knowledge and capacities in order to effectively
anticipate, respond and recover from a crisis:
Risk assessment constitutes the fundamental first step in preparedness: preparing for crisis
requires identifying and analysing major threats, hazards and related vulnerabilities.
Early warning systems based on the detection of these threats serve to activate pre-defined
emergency or contingency plans.