Third, uniqueness may exist when there is a "strategic unity" within the business. A business with strategic unity is more able to anticipate and meet customer needs and challenges (Brockbank and Ulrich, 1991). Strategic unity may exist vertically, horizontally, and externally. Vertical unity implies that employees at all levels from the senior executives to the newly hired employees share a common mindset. Marriott created a vertical unity by having all employees become aware of, accept, and act on the direction of the company. Horizontal unity implies that employees in diverse functions share a common mindset. Marriott instilled horizontal unity by moving people across businesses, forming cross-functional task forces, and having people attend training in cross-functional teams. External unity implies that the organization's customers and suppliers outside the organization share the mindset with inside employees.