The University offers a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D) in Biology with a Specialization in Microbiology. The University is accredited by the higher learning commission of the north central association of colleges and schools. The graduate programs in biology provide the student with a strong background needed to pursue a career in college or university teaching and research, in government and industrial research, state wildlife agencies, or in many other related areas. Whereas at the undergraduate level, students are engaged in a broad, general program of study in biology, at the graduate level the program is specialized to fit the individual needs and plans of each student. Specific objectives of the biology graduate program are: to provide the student with experience in directed research. Original research and the writing of the thesis or dissertation are considered by the members of the department to be the single most important requirement leading to the Ph. D. degree; to provide the student with specialized or in-depth training in their chosen areas cell and molecular biology, physiology, or ecology and organismal biology; and to provide the student with experience in teaching at the college level, experience in grant application writing and in research presentations (seminars and posters). The completion of the degree qualifies individuals for university teaching, research, or professional work in the respective discipline. Each candidate's individual program of study (coursework) is based on the individual's knowledge and ability upon entering the program and their specific objectives. After completion of course work, all students must pass written and oral qualifying examinations, followed by submission of an acceptable dissertation based on original research.