0.1 mL samples of the raw milk at various dilutions were added to plate containing PCA(45–50 °C). Each dilution was prepared with three replicates. After being blended and solidified, the prepared samples were immediately incubated at 35 °C. Then 25–250 colonies of bacteria were trans- ferred to colony counter (SK-20162, Shin Kong Industries, New Taipei City, Taiwan) for enumeration (CFU/ml).