2.1. Treatment wetland design guidance
The use of wetlands for treatment of wastewaters
is an emerging technology in North America and worldwide. Existing treatment wetlands have
a wide variety of engineering designs, wetted areas,
flow rates, inflow water qualities, plant communities,
hydrologic regimes, effluent limitations
and monitoring requirements. Until recently, an
engineer or regulator considering the use of wetland
technology for a specific treatment need had
to search for information to determine basic area
and pretreatment levels necessary to achieve
effluent criteria. Several handbooks (US Environmental
Protection Agency, 1988; Water Pollution
Control Federation, 1990; Davis, 1995; Reed et
al., 1995; Kadlec and Knight, 1996) provide useful
syntheses of existing knowledge concerning the
design of new wetlands. The NRCS has published
guidelines for treating livestock wastewaters (US
Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service,
1992). Efforts are currently in progress to
summarize and assess the SF treatment wetland
technology and to update the EPA constructed
wetland design manual.
2.1. Treatment wetland design guidanceThe use of wetlands for treatment of wastewatersis an emerging technology in North America and worldwide. Existing treatment wetlands havea wide variety of engineering designs, wetted areas,flow rates, inflow water qualities, plant communities,hydrologic regimes, effluent limitationsand monitoring requirements. Until recently, anengineer or regulator considering the use of wetlandtechnology for a specific treatment need hadto search for information to determine basic areaand pretreatment levels necessary to achieveeffluent criteria. Several handbooks (US EnvironmentalProtection Agency, 1988; Water PollutionControl Federation, 1990; Davis, 1995; Reed etal., 1995; Kadlec and Knight, 1996) provide usefulsyntheses of existing knowledge concerning thedesign of new wetlands. The NRCS has publishedguidelines for treating livestock wastewaters (USDepartment of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service,1992). Efforts are currently in progress tosummarize and assess the SF treatment wetlandtechnology and to update the EPA constructedwetland design manual.
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