A. Summative Assessment
The project evaluated the performance on assignments
between the students who were in the flipped model
classrooms with students who were in a traditional lecturebased
classroom. Summative assessment included the
performance on: 1) assignments before taking the midterm, 2)
performance on assignments after taking the midterm, 3) the
midterm, and 4) the final. Table 1 shows these represented as
columns and the rows represent the instructional model that
was being applied prior to taking any of the column items. The
flipped row indicates the results from the experimental