4. Conclusions
We present a multi objective model for large scale HWMSs
capable of addressing safety and economical concerns. Further-
more, diverse HW classes, waste-to-technology compatibility and
HW process residues are also considered in the formulation in or-
der to represent a model applicable to real-life waste management
systems.
An important addition of this study to the literature is the
introduction of a surrogate definition of potential environmental
impacts for HW transportation. This definition shares a similar
basis with widely used population exposure model to represent
public risks for transportation and involves identification of envi-
ronmentally vulnerable areas within a constant bandwidth. The
results of the case study suggest the environmental impacts can
affect the facility location decisions to a great extent, therefore
should be taken in to account along public risks.
The case study related to the HWMS of Turkey also demon-
strated the importance of including process residues in the con-
ceptual model and among model flows as the total required
capacity for the facilities receiving residues are higher than the
generation potential.
This model provides valuable insight for decision makers and
facility developers. HWMS model proposed in this study confirmed
the site selection for already existing plants in Turkey. Locations of
future facilities and their capacities are the most substantial in-
formation sets provided by the model. The benefits if establishing
integrated facilities are proven and should be considered by the
decision-makers during elaboration of HW management strategies.
The ability to estimate hazardous waste management costs is
another important provision. In addition to total cost, it is possible
to draw conclusions on regional and provincial investment needs.
Results obtained would help authorities to set priorities and shape
their action plans in terms of the missing and inadequate compo-
nents that needs attention.