and could therefore apply to countries with declining forest cover, those that have an active forestry sector, and those where forest cover is stable or increasing (Angelsen and McNeill 2012, 38–39). On the other hand, the scope of REDD+ is normally expected to exclude status quo activities, such as a forest conservation project in a context where the forest in question is effectively protected and where finance would not lead to any additional reductions in carbon emissions, as compared to a business as usual scenario (Streck and Costenbader 2012, 7).