was born on July 21, 1901, Hanau, and died on October 19, 1994. Forest Hermitage, Kandy, Ceylon. He was a German born Sri Lanka-ordained Theravada monk, and a co-founder of the Buddhist Publication Society (BPS). He was a contemporary author of numerous seminal Theravada books, and a teacher of contemporary Western Buddhist leaders such as Bhikkhu Bodhi. In early 1936. C.E. he left Europe for Sri Lanka and joined Ven. Nyanatiloka Thera at the Island Hermitage, Polgasduwa, Dodanduwa. After several months of studies, he was ordained as a novice under the name Nyanaponika in June 1936. C.E and was conferred Higher Ordination (Upasampada) under the Tutelage of Nyanatiloka Thera in 1937. C.E.