INTRODUCTION
Fifty-four hornbill species have been identified, belonging to the families Bucorvidae and
Bucerotidae within the order Bucerotiformes. Of these species, 31 are found in Asia, mainly in
monsoon evergreen forests (Poonswad and Kemp, 1993) and thirteen species are recorded in
Thailand. The rufous-necked hornbill (RNH; Aceros nipalensis) is one of thirteen hornbill
species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List 2009 and Appendix I and II of the CITES. The
population of rufous-necked hornbill is small and rapidly declining as a result of destruction of
evergreen forests. It has been locally extinct from most of its original habitat in northern
Thailand (Poonswad and Kemp, 1993; Round, 1998) due to habitat loss and fragmentation
(Pattanavibool and Dearden, 2002). Recent studies indicated that the Western Forest Complex
(WEFCOM) is the last stronghold for rufous-necked hornbills and one of five hornbill hotspots
in Thailand (Trisurat et al., 2013).
INTRODUCTIONFifty-four hornbill species have been identified, belonging to the families Bucorvidae andBucerotidae within the order Bucerotiformes. Of these species, 31 are found in Asia, mainly inmonsoon evergreen forests (Poonswad and Kemp, 1993) and thirteen species are recorded inThailand. The rufous-necked hornbill (RNH; Aceros nipalensis) is one of thirteen hornbillspecies listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List 2009 and Appendix I and II of the CITES. Thepopulation of rufous-necked hornbill is small and rapidly declining as a result of destruction ofevergreen forests. It has been locally extinct from most of its original habitat in northernThailand (Poonswad and Kemp, 1993; Round, 1998) due to habitat loss and fragmentation(Pattanavibool and Dearden, 2002). Recent studies indicated that the Western Forest Complex(WEFCOM) is the last stronghold for rufous-necked hornbills and one of five hornbill hotspotsin Thailand (Trisurat et al., 2013).
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