Non-probability convenience sampling with specific eligibility
criteria was employed. Patients (the respondents)
who were eligible for this study were those who had been
previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and had had their
glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured within the previous
six months, were aged 18 years and above, could speak
and understand either Malay or English and had no other
major complications that could interfere with self-care (such
as being legally blind, having suffered severe strokes and
being unconscious).