1. Giving up
•People often develop learned helplessness if they frequently encounter aversive events they cannot control, and they give up.
•Sometimes, however, this tendency is transferred to situations in which the person is not really helpless.
• Cognitive interpretation of aversive events may determine whether we feel helpless or not.
•People with a “pessimistic explanatory style” view aversive events as “out of their control”, feel helpless, and give up.
•This coping strategy is called “behavioral disengagement” and is associated with increased distress.