Stationary 4-component dynamometers
contain only one multi-component sensor.
This is also installed in the structure under
high pretension. The measurement of the
three force components (Fx, Fy, Fz) is accomplished
through stacking of measurement
elements with respective sensitive
directions. The direct measurement of the
torque Mz is enabled by a multitude of
shear-sensitive crystals that are aligned
tangentially around the vertical axis of the
sensor.