REALs retlect current thinking in the area ot constructivist learning environments. For example, in a rt.-cent article on constructivist values for i.nstructional systems design, Lebow (1993) presents five key principles for designing constructivist learning environrnents:
1. Protect learners From potentially damaging instructional practices by promoting personal autonomy and learner control, supporting self-reguiation. and making instruction personally relevant to the leamer.
2. Create a cnntexl for ltramlng that supports the development of personal autonomy as well as relatedness.
3. Provide learners with the reasons ior learning within the learning activity.
4. Support sell-regulation by promoting the development of the skills and attitudes that enable learners to take on increasing responsibility tor their own teaming.
5. Encourage intentional teaming and examination of errors.