As shown in Figure 11.6, the average number of years of schooling in the
Republic of Korea is far greater than that in the PRC and in India. Besides, as
can be seen in Figure 11.8, the average number of years of schooling for women
is also greater than that for men in both the PRC and India, even though it is
slightly lower than that for men in the Republic of Korea. Indeed, the Republic
of Korea’s rapid economic growth was accompanied by extensive investment in
human resources. Public and private expenditure on education regularly exceeded
10% of GDP, the highest among all developing countries, and this investment in
education also led to a high degree of income equality (Harvie and Lee 2003).