(c) The S.N.T Model: The S.N.T model is a proactive process that fosters constructive conflicts. Avoiding conflict
in the S.N.T model does not refer to conflict ignorance; rather it presents ways to enrich favorable conflicts. The “S”
stands for a key principle in the Islamic religion, which is ‘Shura’, or consultation, implying that one must consult
others before implementing any change. Such an approach minimizes disagreement between stakeholder parties and
enables fostering an environment conducive for change. The second principle is ‘Naseeha’ (“N”) which means
advice. Advice can be offered to all stakeholders, with feedback to managers and clients providing clarity about
changes. Sincere advice and viewpoint exchange between parties fosters common understanding of consequences of
the change. The last element ‘Ta’awun’ denoted by “T”, indicates cooperation, which is essential for the change
process, to promote healthy communication, reduce change opponents, and eliminate hostile workplace
environment(Ahmad, 2007).