Soil-burrowing animals have significant anti-adhesive
characteristics through evolution over millions of years.
The reasons why the body surfaces of soil-burrowing
animals do not stick to soil includes varieties of geometrically
non-smooth morphologies, chemical composition
and hydrophobicity, microscopic electro-osmotic systems
formed by their bioelectricity and flexibility of their
body surfaces and the lubrication action of the liquid
substances on their body surfaces as well. Various biomimetic
methods were developed on the basis of the
anti-adhesive principles of soil-burrowing animals. These
biomimetic methods were the development of nonsmooth
surfaces for soil-engaging surfaces, electro-osmotic
systems, and flexible parts for removing soil accretion
on the soil-engaging components.