At the turn of the twentieth century the notion of time became radicalized. The invention and implementation of new means of transportation made travel quick and efficient, enabling people to roam swiftly around the world by boat, train, plane, and automobile. The rapid spread of new media in print, film, and radio made information travel at an unforeseen speed. The rise of mass urbanization and technologies led people to compartmentalize time, schedules, movement, and communication. These drastic changes in modern American life brought about new perceptions concerning the concept of time and experience. Walter Kalaidjian writes, “Multiplicity, diversity, complexity, anarchy, and chaos could…be mapped as defining rubrics across the contemporaneous fields of culture, aesthetics, and politics of the modern American age; they aptly describe the social experience of the new masses coming together in the cosmopolitan urban centers of modern American big city life”. With this wave of change at the dawn of the century, the idea of time as a chronological succession with clear-cut instances is dismantled and a new paradigm emerges: time, memory, and experience as a heterogeneous whole.