Self-care was measured by using the Revised
SDSCA Scale (Toobert et al., 2002) and lifestyle.
H. Lee et al.
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The revised SDSCA Scale consisted of 12 items
including self-care activities of diet, exercise, bloodglucose
testing, foot-care, and smoking. The measure
asked the participant the number of days per week
the participant had practiced self-care activities:
‘0’ would indicate no performance at all, while ‘7’
indicated a daily performance.Toobert et al. reported
a relatively stable test-retest correlation and internal
consistency. Cronbach’s Alpha of this study was
found to be 0.85. Life style was measured by obesity
evaluated from BMI (body mass index), status
of regular exercise, amount of alcohol drinking,
smoking status, and physical activity. BMI was calculated
by weight and height measurements. The
status of exercise, alcohol drinking, and smoking
were measured by self-reported measures