Another difficulty revolves around the sharing of costs and benefits among stakeholders or affected parties. Even when there is agreement on the overall benefits of fixing a particular bottleneck, the lack of understanding and mechanism to share both the risks and rewards work against achieving multimodal connectivity. The result is that critical projects do not get implemented or facilitation arrangements are slow to get off the ground.
Regulatory frameworks governing the various transport sectors could hinder the achievement of multimodal connectivity as well. Access regulations and price signals which distort modal choices and utilization are seen as key impediments to the development of optimal multimodal transport networks. One area, for example, is the need to ensure a level playing field between modes (i.e. between road and rail).