The combination of lowering the surface energy, or surface tension, of the fabric while imparting micro- and nano-scale roughness reduces the adhesion forces that can occur between the fabric and a liquid on its surface. Many researchers in both industry and academia have achieved these results through various methods but not all of the methods are feasible on a large scale (e.g. plasma treatment, chemical vapor deposition). The ability to transfer our technology from the lab to not only our soldiers but also the general population was always an important goal.